Clinical Context

Estrogen receptor-positive (ER-positive) breast cancer is a common subtype of breast cancer, accounting for approximately 70% of all cases. This type of cancer is driven by estrogen, necessitating therapies that inhibit estrogen signaling. Current standard treatments include aromatase inhibitors and selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), but many patients experience disease progression after initial therapies. The approval of vepdegestrant addresses the need for effective treatment options for patients with ESR1 mutations who have progressed after endocrine therapy, offering a new mechanism of action through targeted protein degradation.